• He is the recipient of the 2018 MNGHA Senior Research Award offered by the King Abdulla International Medical Research Center for overall publication records, research activities, and academic supervision. • He was chosen by AD Scientific Index 2024 as top 3% of researchers in Egypt and Africa.

Dr Aiman El-Saed Ramadan holds a PhD in public health-epidemiology (2004) and a master in public health-epidemiology (2005) from the University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Also, he had a medical degree (1993) and a master in occupational and environmental medicine (1998) from Egypt. He is currently serving as surveillance advisor at the Infection Control Department of Ministry National Guard Health Affair (MNGHA) and the GCC center of infection control where he is engaged in a variety of surveillance and research activities in the area of healthcare-associated infections. He ran several surveillance and research courses in Saudi Arabia, Oman, Bahrain, UAE, Kuwait, and Qatar. He is also working as Assistant Professor of Epidemiology & Biostatistics at the College of Public Health and Health Informatics of King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia). • He is the recipient of the 2018 MNGHA Senior Research Award offered by the King Abdulla International Medical Research Center for overall publication records, research activities, and academic supervision. • He is the Editor-in-Chief of the Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine. • He is a member of the editorial board of 4 peer-reviewed scientific journals, and active reviewer of several others. • He has a strong publication record with more than 135 scientific papers and 120 abstracts in reputable international scientific journals. • He attained H index of 34 (Goggle scholar) and 26 (Scopus) and • He was chosen by AD Scientific Index 2024 as top 3% of researchers in Egypt and Africa. • He is an invited speaker in more than 50 national and international meeting and courses. Reference: Secondary infection rates after mpox exposure in multiple settings: A systematic review Between 2022 and 2024, large number of mpox cases were reported globally, especially Europe and Americas. Additionally, from late 2023 a surge of cases has been observed in Africa. Objectives: To assess secondary infection rates after mpox exposure in multiple settings; occupational exposures among healthcare workers (HCWs), household exposures, and congregate/community exposures. Methods: We performed a systematic review that included mpox search in five electronic databases; MEDLINE, Embase, Biosis previews, CAB Abstracts, and Global Index Medicus. All study designs reporting mpox exposure data published between May 2022 and September 2024 were included. Results: A total 62 studies including 8,712 mpox exposures were included in the current analysis. The exposures included 1738 healthcare exposures, 3331 household exposures, 3643 congregate/community exposures. Out of 8,712 exposures in all settings, 239 were associated with mpox infection, with an overall secondary infection rate of 2.74%. Secondary infection rates were highest in household setting (4.02%), intermediate in congregate/community setting (2.50%), and lowest in healthcare setting (0.81%). Secondary infection rates were highest in AFRO region (8.00%), intermediate in European region (4.23%), and lowest in the American region (1.10%). Clade data were available in 17 (27.4%) studies including 2054 (23.7%) exposures. Clade 2b was the most commonly reported clade (15/17 studies). Secondary infection rates were highest with clade 1a (17.14%), intermediate with clade 2b (1.59%), and lowest with clade 1b (0.0%). Secondary infection in healthcare settings was significantly higher with percutaneous injuries than unspecified nosocomial exposures (27.8% vs 0.2%, p<0.001). Close non-sexual contact was the most frequent route of transmission in household setting (75.0%) and congregate/community setting (82.5%). Secondary infection was significantly higher with sexual contact than close non-sexual contact in both settings.