1.Milk quality, composition, and safety assessment in dairy production systems. 2.Detection and impact of chemical contaminants, preservatives, and antibiotic residues in dairy products. 3.Food safety management systems (HACCP, ISO 22000) and their effectiveness in meat and dairy industries. 4.Environmental and seasonal effects on dairy production, animal health, and product quality.

A quality-oriented professional with over 15 years of experience in food safety, dairy production, and animal resources, currently serving as Head of Quality and Safety at Al Kadaro Slaughter for Meat Export, Sudan. Holds a PhD in Dairy Production and Technology from the University of Khartoum, combining strong academic expertise with practical leadership in fast-paced production environments. Specializes in implementing HSEQ management systems, including ISO 9001, 14001, 45001, and 22000, along with HACCP and Total Quality Management. Demonstrates extensive experience in quality control, risk assessment, food safety compliance, incident reporting, and hygiene management to ensure international export standards. Previously worked as a Researcher at the Ministry of Animal Resources, conducting chemical, microbiological, and sanitary analyses of dairy products, alongside environmental and poultry system studies. Skilled in statistical data analysis using SPSS and experienced in peer reviewing academic publications in agriculture and veterinary sciences. Research interests include milk composition and safety, chemical contaminants and antibiotic residues in dairy products, food quality standards, and the impact of environmental and seasonal factors on dairy production. Has published multiple research articles in international journals and presented work at global conferences, including the Dubai International Food Safety Conference. Holds certifications in ISO standards, HACCP, food security, and laboratory technologies, with additional training in dairy manufacturing and quality control systems. Technically proficient in Microsoft Office and statistical tools, with strong leadership, training, and compliance management skills. Fluent in Arabic and English, and an active member of professional agricultural and engineering organizations. Reference: Chemical Preservatives, Adulterants, and Antibiotic Residues in Raw Cow’s Milk in Khartoum State, Sudan Objective: This study investigates the influence of season on the occurrence of adulteration by chemical preservatives and antibiotic residues (beta-lactam, tetracycline and sulfonamides) in the raw milk in the main towns of Khartoum State, Sudan. Methods: The milk samples (n= 270) were randomly collected from farms (90 samples), groceries (90 samples) and vendors (90 samples) during late summer and winter seasons, 135 samples during each season. The samples were placed in cool cracked ice and transported immediately to the laboratory for analysis. Results: Data revealed a high presence of the added water in the milk collected from vendors during late summer season (7.70± 9.46%). Also, hydrogen peroxide, starch and formalin were detected only in the milk obtained from vendors. However, the higher percentages of salt (32%) and ammonium sulphate (28%) were obtained in the milk samples collected from the groceries during late summer season, while the occurrence of ammonium sulphate was 26% in the samples collected from vendors during winter season. On the other hand, 93% of the milk samples examined during late summer season were positive for the occurrence of antibiotic residues compared to 55% that was detected during winter season. The highest percentage of antibiotic residues (26%) was found in milk from groceries during the winter season. Milk samples from vendors during late summer season contained beta-lactam, tetracycline, and sulfonamide in 19%, 13%, and 1% of samples, respectively, while these figures were 20%, 2%, and 3%, respectively, during winter season. Conclusions: The addition of water followed by the presence of salt and antibiotics are the most adulterants found in raw milk sold in Khartoum State especially from vendors during late summer season.